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Immunologic Biomarkers, Morbidity, and Mortality in Treated HIV Infection

Rosuvastatin slows progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with treated HIV infection

Antiretroviral therapy for the prevention of HIV-1 transmission

HIV Transmission Risk Persists During the First 6 Months of Antiretroviral Therapy

Review of the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Raltegravir in Pregnancy

Use of Abacavir and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among HIV-Infected Individuals

Rosuvastatin Is Effective to Decrease CD8 T-Cell Activation Only in HIV-Infected Patients With High Residual T-Cell Activation Under Antiretroviral Therapy

Botswana's progress toward achieving the 2020 UNAIDS 90-90-90 antiretroviral therapy and virological suppression goals: a population-based survey

Empirical tuberculosis therapy versus isoniazid in adult outpatients with advanced HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy (REMEMBER): a multicountry open-label randomised controlled trial

Feasibility and efficacy of early lung cancer diagnosis with chest computed tomography in HIV-infected smokers

Patterns of Cardiovascular Mortality for HIV-Infected Adults in the United States: 1999 to 2013

Adjunctive Dexamethasone in HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis

Outcomes of HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of antiretroviral therapy

CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell kinetics in aviremic HIV-infected patients developing Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma

CD8 T-Cell Expansion and Inflammation Linked to CMV Coinfection in ART-treated HIV Infection

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Does Not Worsen Prognosis of Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Ongoing HIV Replication Replenishes Viral Reservoirs During Therapy

Incidence and progression of coronary artery calcium in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men

Transient elastography for the detection of hepatic fibrosis in HIV-monoinfected adults with elevated aminotransferases on antiretroviral therapy

Association of immune-activation and senescence markers with non-AIDS-defining comorbidities in HIV-suppressed patients

Effects of randomized rosuvastatin compared with placebo on bone and body composition among HIV-infected adults

Levels of intracellular HIV-DNA in patients with suppressive antiretroviral therapy

Cancer Risk and Use of Protease Inhibitor or Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor–Based Combination Antiretroviral Therapy The D:A:D Study

Time trends for risk of severe age-related diseases in individuals with and without HIV infection in Denmark: a nationwide population-based cohort study

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The effect of cumulating exposure to abacavir on the risk of cardiovascular disease events in patients from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Course and Clinical Significance of CD8+ T-Cell Counts in a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Individuals

Impact of low-level viremia on clinical and virological outcomes in treated HIV-1-infected patients

HIV-1 subtype B-infected MSM may have driven the spread of transmitted resistant strains in France in 2007-12: impact on susceptibility to first-line strategies

Influence of the Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy on the Potential for Normalization of Immune Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1–Infected Individuals

Cross-sectional Comparison of the Prevalence of Age-Associated Comorbidities and Their Risk Factors Between HIV-Infected and Uninfected Individuals: The AGEhIV Cohort Study

CD4/CD8 ratio normalisation and non-AIDS-related events in individuals with HIV who achieve viral load suppression with antiretroviral therapy: an observational cohort study

Baseline HIV-1 resistance, virological outcomes, and emergent resistance in the SECOND-LINE trial: an exploratory analysis

Effects of statin therapy on coronary artery plaque volume and high-risk plaque morphology in HIV-infected patients with subclinical atherosclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Low Bone Mineral Density in Patients With Well-Suppressed HIV Infection: Association With Body Weight, Smoking, and Prior Advanced HIV Disease

Early versus delayed initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive adults with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB-HAART): a prospective, international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

A chronic kidney disease risk score to determine tenofovir safety in a prospective cohort of HIV-positive male veterans

Single-agent tenofovir versus combination emtricitabine plus tenofovir for pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 acquisition: an update of data from a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial

Predicting the outcomes of treatment to eradicate the latent reservoir for HIV-1

Association of immune-activation and senescence markers with non-AIDS-defining comorbidities in HIV-suppressed patients
Published by François RAFFI

Updated: 15 December, 2015

Duffau P et al. AIDS. 2015 Oct 23;29(16):2099-108.

This study assessed the link between T-cell activation, differentiation and senescence phenotypes and non-AIDS-related comorbidities in HIV-suppressed patients. Patients included in the ANRS CO3 Aquitaine Cohort were consecutively enrolled in this cross-sectional study between October 2011 and May 2013 called Chronic Immune Activation and Senescence (CIADIS) study. Immune [CD4+ and CD8+ activation (DR+), differentiation (naïve and terminally differentiated memory T cells), and senescence (CD57+CD28-)] markers were summarized in a weighted immune score by principal component analysis called CIADIS. Previously described Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) index and immune risk profile (IRP) scores were calculated. Adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the association between the CIADIS score and the presence of at least three non-AIDS-defining comorbidities. Only patients with plasma HIV-RNA below 40 copies/ml were analyzed. The number of comorbidities present for each patient were counted (comorbidity score) among: eGFR below 60 ml/min, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular events, hypertension, degenerative CNS disorders, and cancer. The main outcome variable was a high comorbidity score, defined as at least 3 comorbidities.

Of 876 patients with an undetectable viral load, 73.4% were men and median age was 50.5 years [interquartile range (IQR) 44.7–56.7 years]. Median CD4 T-cell count was 579/ml (IQR 429–759 cells/ml), and median duration of HIV viral suppression was of 5.3 years (IQR 2.3–8.7). The weighted CIADIS score was associated with at least 3 comorbidities (odds ratio 1.3, 95% confidence interval 1.0, 1.6) independently of age, sex, AIDS stage, and the Veterans Aging Cohort Study score. The CIADIS and the immune risk profile scores were significantly associated with at least 3 comorbidities in adjusted models restricted to patients younger than 60 years. None of the tested scores were associated with at least three comorbidities in patients older than 60 years.

In a large assessment of cellular activation markers in patients under routine care, a significant association was found between the CIADIS score and a high comorbidity score, whereas the VACS index score as well as the IRP score were not associated with a high comorbidity score in multivariable analysis.

In conclusion, the weighted CIADIS score based on activation, senescence, and maturation markers might help physicians identifying patients at a higher risk for non-AIDS-related comorbidities.