THE MOST COMPLETE WEBSITE ON CLINICAL TRIALS IN HIV INFECTION (FIRST-LINE, SWITCH, PHASE 2)

Breaking News

Immunologic Biomarkers, Morbidity, and Mortality in Treated HIV Infection

Rosuvastatin slows progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with treated HIV infection

Antiretroviral therapy for the prevention of HIV-1 transmission

HIV Transmission Risk Persists During the First 6 Months of Antiretroviral Therapy

Review of the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics of Raltegravir in Pregnancy

Use of Abacavir and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among HIV-Infected Individuals

Rosuvastatin Is Effective to Decrease CD8 T-Cell Activation Only in HIV-Infected Patients With High Residual T-Cell Activation Under Antiretroviral Therapy

Botswana's progress toward achieving the 2020 UNAIDS 90-90-90 antiretroviral therapy and virological suppression goals: a population-based survey

Empirical tuberculosis therapy versus isoniazid in adult outpatients with advanced HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy (REMEMBER): a multicountry open-label randomised controlled trial

Feasibility and efficacy of early lung cancer diagnosis with chest computed tomography in HIV-infected smokers

Patterns of Cardiovascular Mortality for HIV-Infected Adults in the United States: 1999 to 2013

Adjunctive Dexamethasone in HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis

Outcomes of HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of antiretroviral therapy

CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell kinetics in aviremic HIV-infected patients developing Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma

CD8 T-Cell Expansion and Inflammation Linked to CMV Coinfection in ART-treated HIV Infection

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Does Not Worsen Prognosis of Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Ongoing HIV Replication Replenishes Viral Reservoirs During Therapy

Incidence and progression of coronary artery calcium in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men

Transient elastography for the detection of hepatic fibrosis in HIV-monoinfected adults with elevated aminotransferases on antiretroviral therapy

Association of immune-activation and senescence markers with non-AIDS-defining comorbidities in HIV-suppressed patients

Effects of randomized rosuvastatin compared with placebo on bone and body composition among HIV-infected adults

Levels of intracellular HIV-DNA in patients with suppressive antiretroviral therapy

Cancer Risk and Use of Protease Inhibitor or Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor–Based Combination Antiretroviral Therapy The D:A:D Study

Time trends for risk of severe age-related diseases in individuals with and without HIV infection in Denmark: a nationwide population-based cohort study

TEMPRANO

START

The effect of cumulating exposure to abacavir on the risk of cardiovascular disease events in patients from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Course and Clinical Significance of CD8+ T-Cell Counts in a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Individuals

Impact of low-level viremia on clinical and virological outcomes in treated HIV-1-infected patients

HIV-1 subtype B-infected MSM may have driven the spread of transmitted resistant strains in France in 2007-12: impact on susceptibility to first-line strategies

Influence of the Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy on the Potential for Normalization of Immune Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1–Infected Individuals

Cross-sectional Comparison of the Prevalence of Age-Associated Comorbidities and Their Risk Factors Between HIV-Infected and Uninfected Individuals: The AGEhIV Cohort Study

CD4/CD8 ratio normalisation and non-AIDS-related events in individuals with HIV who achieve viral load suppression with antiretroviral therapy: an observational cohort study

Baseline HIV-1 resistance, virological outcomes, and emergent resistance in the SECOND-LINE trial: an exploratory analysis

Effects of statin therapy on coronary artery plaque volume and high-risk plaque morphology in HIV-infected patients with subclinical atherosclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Low Bone Mineral Density in Patients With Well-Suppressed HIV Infection: Association With Body Weight, Smoking, and Prior Advanced HIV Disease

Early versus delayed initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV-positive adults with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB-HAART): a prospective, international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

A chronic kidney disease risk score to determine tenofovir safety in a prospective cohort of HIV-positive male veterans

Single-agent tenofovir versus combination emtricitabine plus tenofovir for pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 acquisition: an update of data from a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial

Predicting the outcomes of treatment to eradicate the latent reservoir for HIV-1

A chronic kidney disease risk score to determine tenofovir safety in a prospective cohort of HIV-positive male veterans
Published by François RAFFI

Updated: 1 February, 2015

Scherzer R, Gandhi M, Estrella MM, Tien PC, Deeks SG, Grunfeld C, Peralta CA, Shlipak MG. AIDS. 2014 Jun 1;28(9):1289-95.

The objective of this study was to develop a scoring system to predict 5-year risk of developing chronic kidney disease in HIV-infected individuals and to estimate difference in risk associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate use. 21,590 HIV-infected men from the Veterans Health Administration initiating antiretroviral therapy from 1997 to 2010 were selected for this analysis. During a median follow-up of 6.3 years, 2,059 chronic kidney disease events occurred. Chronic kidney disease was defined as the first occurrence of an estimated glomerular filtration rate below < 60 ml/min per 1.73m 2 . A point-based score was developed using multi-variable Cox regression models. Dominant contributors to the chronic kidney disease risk score were traditional kidney risk factors (age, glucose, systolic blood pressure, hypertension, triglycerides, proteinuria), as well as CD4 + cell count, while HIV RNA was not. The overall 5-year event rate was 7.7% in tenofovir users and 3.8% in nonusers (overall adjusted hazard ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.8–2.2). There was a progressive increase in 5-year chronic kidney disease risk, ranging from less than 1% to 16% in nonusers of tenofovir, and from 1.4 to 21.4% among tenofovir users. The duration of tenofovir exposure and the increased risk score were associated with higher risk of chronic kidney disease.

In conclusion, the chronic kidney disease risk score can be used to predict an HIV-infected individual's absolute risk of developing chronic kidney disease over 5 years and may facilitate clinical decision-making around tenofovir use. The limitations of this study are its observational nature, the absence of consideration of active HCV infection in the analysis. This risk score algorithm needs to be validated in an independent cohort and doesn't substitute for regular clinical and laboratory monitoring of patients on tenofovir.